14-year old girl was found unconscious near Expo Center Essay

KARACHI: A quake of greatness 4.6 on the Richter scale shook the beach front city of Karachi and contiguous territories late on Monday night. As per the seismic focus, the focal point of the shudder was 10 kilometers somewhere down in Hub, Balochistan he police on Monday night recognized those six expired individuals whose bodies were found dumped . Khan was choked to death by obscure individuals alongside his significant other Nadia Amer and three children †Roman Khan, Adam Khan and Haider Khan †and his 24-year-old worker. As indicated by sources, Ameerullah Khan, a tycoon, was the proprietor of land worth a huge number of rupees in Peshawar. Allegedly, he was not just occupied with a question with his sibling and brother by marriage over the responsibility for property but at the same time was accepting dangers from land mafia. KARACHI: Eid-ul-Azha today (Tuesday) is being praised in Saudi Arabia other than Gulf, European, Far Eastern nations, US and Europe, Eid-ul-Azha will be commended in Pakistan tomorrow Wednesday, while the Pakistani ostracizes in US and Europe like our northern regions would likewise be commending two eids, as some of them butchering conciliatory creatures on Tuesday, while others would do as such on Wednesday. See more: Sleep Deprivation Problem Solution Speech Essay ISLAMABAD: Pakistani soldiers early Tuesday morning reacted to the unwarranted terminating by Indian powers over the Line of Control (LoC) and diminished them to quiet, The sources additionally said that Pakistan’s blow for blow reprisal constrained the adversary to withdraw to its shelters. LONDON †Malala Yousafzai, the Pakistani student who wasshot in the head by the Taliban for her support of girls’ instruction, was granted the Sakharov Prize for Freedom of Thought on Thursday by the European Parliament. Ms. Yousafzai was picked as the champ of the $65,000 Sakharov Prize by the leaders of the political groupings in the 766-part European Parliament. LONDON †The Pakistani police captured Pervez Musharraf, the nation’s previous military ruler, on Thursday, opening another criminal arraignment against him that baffled plans by his supporters to fly him out of Pakistan. Muhammad Rizwan, a senior Islamabad police official, told columnists that Mr. Musharraf would stay under house capture at his manor outside Islamabad, where he has been kept since April. It isn't clear, in any case, regardless of whether the court request speaks to a significant deterrent to Mr. Musharraf’s plans to leave Pakistan, or a transitory one. deadlysiege of the Red Mosque in Islamabad in 2007. A Pakistani court conceded abandon Wednesday to Pervez Musharraf, the country’s previous military ruler, making room for him to leave the nation as right on time as Thursday, his legal advisors said. Mr. Musharraf, 70, has been under house capture at his estate outside Islamabad since April, dealing with criminal indictments in three cases identified with his nine years in power, from 1999 to 2008. Mr. Musharraf had just been conceded bail in two of the three cases, and the choice on Wednesday to give bail in the third †identified with the demise of Akbar Khan Bugti, a Baluch patriot pioneer killed in a military activity †opens the entryway for him to keep away from arraignment completely. Mr. Musharraf’s legal advisors said that his bail installment of $20,000 could be prepared as ahead of schedule as Thursday morning; he could then leave Pakistan right away.

Theoretical Background on Spending Habits Essays

Hypothetical Background on Spending Habits Essays Hypothetical Background on Spending Habits Paper Hypothetical Background on Spending Habits Paper Understudies everywhere throughout the world spend in a few distinct manners, yet close statistical surveying on understudy spending demonstrates that there are a few basic examples that can be seen. Ways of managing money in youths is changing definitely over the most recent couple of years, yet that change is practically uniform in all the metros of the world. Commercialization has started focusing on understudies ways of managing money quite a while prior. IFIM Students Lifestyle and Spending Habits , 2009) As indicated by an examination led by a bank and budgetary establishment, young people surrender cash to purchase cellphone load, to play PC games at Internet bistros and to purchase cigarettes and liquor. They additionally burn through cash on going out and on garments and embellishments. (TJ Manotoc, ABS-CBN News, 2010) Teens hang out and shop. Teenagers are dynamic purchasers regarding the cash they spend, just as in the impact they use in their families and on cultural patterns. Notwithstanding being brought up in a time of fast change, they show a noteworthy fearlessness in their judgment. (Beat, 2010) A great deal of the quantity of understudies appear to needs what is the â€Å"in† pattern, what individuals are doing or utilizing â€Å"right now†. Most adolescents will generally have a couple of wellsprings of pay, either stipend from their folks or work. The response to this inquiry isnt found by taking a gander at the pay of the family or societal position, its increasingly a method of living and raising that the guardians have given their youngsters. Felipe, 2007) â€Å"Despite the Filipino teens’ having constrained financial plan to spend, low cost doesn't really make any brand an obvious choice for their patronage,† clarified Ming Barcelona, TNS Philippines Associate Research Director. â€Å"The TRU study reminds us the attitudes, inclinations and buying propensities for Filipino youngsters, regardless of whether on brand esteems, the most recent item contributions, or on qualities and social issues ought not be ignored,† included Gary de Ocampo, TNS Philippines Managing Director.

Blog Archive mbaMissions Exclusive Interview with Rodrigo Malta, Director of MBA Admissions at the McCombs School of Business at the University of Texas, Austin

Blog Archive mbaMission’s Exclusive Interview with Rodrigo Malta, Director of MBA Admissions at the McCombs School of Business at the University of Texas, Austin We are fortunate to have recently enjoyed a lengthy discussion with Rodrigo Malta, the director of MBA admissions at Texas McCombs. During our QA session, we gained a profound window into the schools MBA program and its admissions process. Some of our findings included… McCombs is striving to stay abreast of technology trends in the energy, consumer and health care fields, especially with a new medical school in the works. With approximately  260 students in each incoming class, McCombs is a small program, compared with its top-20 peers. Malta feels that the class is the right size for now, and the school has no plans to expand in the near term. From an admissions perspective, McCombs wants to know that you have a true interest in the school and that you will be active thereâ€"it is not a place for anyone with a commuter mentality. Malta strongly advises applicants to engage with their recommenders and really manage the selection process carefully so that they are identifying advocates who will commit to the process. Of course, these are just the highlights. Read the entire interview to learn more about the McCombs experience and to gain admissions insight. mbaMission: I appreciate your willingness to chat, especially on days when your admissions committee is meeting. It’s very nice. Thanks for joining me. Rodrigo Malta: No problem. I appreciate the opportunity to talk to you guys. mbaMission: Great. I always start my interviews with this question or at least a variation of this question: what is McCombs known for? What would you say is the stereotype of McCombs? And do you agree with that stereotype? What do you think McCombs should be known for? RM: Got it. So as to what McCombs is known for, from a cultural perspective, we’re known for a collaborative yet competitive environment. Both our students and faculty are easygoing, love competition, but compete with a collaborative spirit. They mirror what Austin is, so I would definitely say the environment here in Austin has a big impact on our MBA culture. Our faculty is very approachable, very accessible, and I think something that’s unique to our students is they’re not really afraid to get their hands dirty. We talk about our students being “tinkerers”â€"playing around with concepts learned, not being afraid to think about things in a strategic manner, but also putting ideas into action. From a focus perspective, being Texas, we obviously are well known for energy, both oil and gas, but also clean technology and renewables. Given Austin is a vibrant high-tech hub, we are also known for technology. This includes a multitude of functions in the technology spaceâ€"be it in consulting, marketing, operations, finance, etc. Last but not least, something we have really highlighted lately are our strengths in entrepreneurship and innovationâ€"helping our students learn how to identify opportunities, put together business plans, start their own business or work for a start-up. Austin is the kind of place where there is a lot of start-up activity, and almost every start-up in Austin has a Longhorn in it. This facilitates the connections between our students and the start-up environment here in the city, and we have been really promoting that quite a bit. To the question of what should McCombs be known for, health care is an area in the dean’s strategic plan that we’re working on. In the past couple of years, we have added to our curriculum a health care concentration. We’ve also organized a health care symposium, which happens every year and focuses on the use of technology in the health care space. This aligns nicely with our strengths in technology and innovation. An area that we would like to be known for going forward is our efforts around the other sectors of health care, like hospital administration, biotechnology, etc. I think that’s also going to be coming into play, because UT Austin has recently announced the establishment of a medical school here on campusâ€"Dell has already pledged about $50M to establishing and constructing the new medical school here in Austin. For prospective students who are interested in health care, there’s going to be a lot happening on campus in that space, and I think the students that come and join us that are interested in this space will really help us define what our relationship as a business school will be with the Dell Medical School. mbaMission: You’ve touched on a lot of different things there, like energy, entrepreneurship, health care, but personally, I’m always most impressed by McCombs’s student investment fund. It’s at about $15M now, is that right? RM: It’s about $13M, I think. mbaMission: Oh, you say that humbly, like, “Oh, it’s only $13M.” It’s still probably $8M ahead of its nearest competitor. I mean, it’s pretty amazing. RM: Yeah. It works as a private investment company, too, so it’s managed by students, but it’s actually registered under the laws of the state of Texas. It has its own board, and we have about 60 students that are involved either as a first or second year, managing the fund, which is very cool. mbaMission: That’s amazing. You mentioned the tight-knit, collaborative culture, which you also highlight in your essay question two [“In the Texas MBA program we value our tight-knit and highly collaborative culture. Outside of your professional goals, please discuss why you are a good fit with the Texas MBA program and how you intend to impact the Texas MBA community?”], but can you share examples? It’s easy to talk about being collaborative, but can you try to make that more accessible or tangible for our readers? RM: Sure. Our core classes happen mostly in the first semester, and that is where you have that biggest shock as a new student, realizing: “Okay, this is really quant heavy.” So we have some first-year students that do struggle with those core classes. In the past, we had always hired tutors to provide some one-to-one help for students that needed it, but in the past couple of years, because of a Graduate Business Council  idea, we have started reaching out to second-year students that excelled in those classes to become tutors. They have to have earned an A in the core classes, and they become volunteer tutors for our first years. This year, we’ve had the most interest in volunteering we’ve ever had, with about 25 second years signing up to become tutors. These volunteers are taking time out of their own day, studies and projects to help others. Because of this initiative, we are now able to do away with our old practice of hiring outside tutors, keeping everything in house. This initiative also has the added bonus of strengthening the bonds between the second- and the first-year class. mbaMission: Another thing you guys tend to emphasize is hands-on leadership. Again, can you clarify or sort of put that into action for us? What does it mean to be a hands-on leader at McCombs? RM: There are tons of opportunities. It’s a fairly small full-time MBA program, at about 260 students per class yearâ€"so around 520 students at any given time. We have a ton of student organizations that are student driven, that are passed on from second years to first years. So, there is a lot of opportunity for you to take the lead with student groups. We also have a lot of hands-on opportunities both in the curriculum and with extracurricular activities. Within the curriculum, we offer students practicums they can take as electives. These are usually projects from companies that take more than just five or ten hours a week for our students to work on. The students work with the companies and then with the faculty advisor to deliver on that particular project. Another leadership opportunity is to become involved in one of our fellows programs  â€"these programs are similar to our MBA investment fund, in that we have a selection process for them. For most of our fellows programs, the selected students take an elective as a group, so they’re working really closely with a faculty member and the sponsoring companies. A key part of the class is to work on projects from the sponsoring companies, giving students the opportunity to apply the class theory to real-life projects. Current fellows programs include Marketing Fellows, Sigma Fellows, Venture Fellows, Corporate Finance Fellowsâ€"to name a few. A popular activity for our students that are interested in hands-on leadership opportunities in a new industry or function are our MBA+ micro-consulting projects. Throughout the calendar year, MBAs identify companies with which they want to work. MBA+ helps connect the students to these organizations, regardless of the industry or location, by facilitating a micro-consulting project. The client provides a current business question to be addressed, and MBA+ provides each team with a budget and guides the team through the project management process. At the end of a four- to ten-week project period, the team of four to six MBAs reports its findings and recommendations to the client, often traveling to the clients location to do so. For example, if you are a student thinking about switching careers, but you don’t want to devote one full elective to a practicum, you can signal a career switch desire on your resume by doing an MBA+ project in the new industry or function. mbaMission: Sure. You mentioned the size of the program when we were talking about culture. McCombs is one of the smaller MBA programs out there. Are you guys happy with the program’s current size? Do you have any plans to grow? RM: That’s a question I ask every year, multiple times a year. And we are happy with our current size. We’re in the midst of planning a new building, which will be primarily for our MBA students, so anytime we have a building meeting, I ask the class size question. Currently, we’re happy with the size of our full-time MBA program. I also oversee our working professional programs, which are in Dallas, Houston and here in Austin. Additionally, we have executive MBA programs here in Austin and in Mexico City. An area of focus for us is to continue to build more opportunities for student interactions between these programs. All our MBA programs are cohort based,  so we are really looking at which student organizations are scalable across our portfolio of programs. Some examples of common student organizations across our MBA programs are our student volunteer McCombs Admissions Committee, Graduate Business Council and Graduate Women in Business. Even though we have a small full-time MBA program at 260, when you look at the portfolio of programs that we have, the incoming classes that I bring in are about 520. This larger portfolio size is attractive for employers in recruiting and for our students in building their network. mbaMission: Right. Who does McCombs see as its peer schools right now? RM: Whenever we’re looking at data, I look really closely at what other highly regarded public institutions are doing. So I’d say that I’m pretty close to my counterparts at UVA [the Darden School at the University of Virginia], at Michigan [the Ross School of Business at the University of Michigan], at UC Berkeley [the Haas School of Business at the University of California, Berkeley]. We also keep an eye on what other schools that have similar focus areas to us, namely energy or technology. Here in Texas, from an admissions perspective, we have a really close relationship with the folks at Rice [Rice University’s Jones Graduate School of Business] that tend to do really well in energy, and then in technology, the schools in the Bay Area and Seattle. mbaMission: Okay. Do you have any kind of internal target for rankings? Is that part of the strategic planning you mentioned, maybeâ€"achieving a certain ranking within a certain period of time? RM: We don’t directly manage to the rankings. We definitely pay attention to them, since it’s one of those factors that our prospective students and applicants are considering through the admissions process. Rankings also are one of those things that alumni pay close attention to after they leave the school. The way that we manage things internally is by monitoring and measuring student satisfaction. Internally we do a lot of our own surveys, in addition to looking at what the rankings measure. From an internal metrics perspective, we really focus on student satisfaction and career management statistics. Questions we usually reflect on as a program include Are we really attracting the right recruiters to campus? Are students happy with the opportunities that they have? Are we placing them on par with our peer schools? Some of those internal metrics that we monitor can be ranking metrics, but not all. mbaMission: In terms of demographics, about 30% of your class is made up of Texas residents. Do you feel like that is a good percentage? Is there a demographic you’d like to attract more of? RM: Yeah. This is pretty much in line with our applicant pool. If you think about Texas being one of the most populous states in the nation and us being the flagship university for the state of Texas, we tend to get a high volume of Texas applicants. We do like our Texans, so we keep our percentage of people from Texas in the class very close to [that in] the applicant pool. So we’re pretty happy where we are with that, and it’s kind of funny, because we are equal opportunity regarding Texas undergraduates. We don’t even mind if you went school at one of our biggest rivals in athleticsâ€"Texas AM. We like Aggies, and every once in a while, we even accept some Oklahoma Soonersâ€"we just have to teach them how to do the “hook and horns.” [Laughs.] From a demographic perspective, we are really focused this year on our recruitment of women. So if there was one class profile statistic that I wasn’t as happy with last year, it was our percentage of women, which dropped to just under 30% after being 32% the previous year. So we’re keeping a closer relationship with the Forte Foundation, trying to do a lot more women-specific recruiting events, talking to our students who just came in this year about what things made a difference from their perspectiveâ€"all to ensure we have a stronger representation of women in  future full-time MBA classes. mbaMission: What kind of a student is McCombs not for? Who would you say would not fit in as well? RM: I think someone that’s just trying to check the MBA box would not be a good fit here at McCombs. If you’re just going to come to the classroom and then go home to study, then UT and McCombs are probably not for you. We’re a smaller program from a size perspective, so we are looking for people that are going to have a really positive impact on the experience of their classmates and also on the overall school. We really look for folks that during the application process give us evidence that they’re going to be highly involved in the program for the two years that they’re here. mbaMission: Sure. Can you take us through the life cycle of an application? Maybe walk us through what happens to an application after it has been submitted? RM: After the deadline day, we usually do a “divide and conquer” of application reads. All of our applications get either one or two total reads. Parallel to the read process, we also start inviting applicants to interview. So after the read and interview processes are completed, we meet as a committee for about two weeks and discuss every single candidate, even those candidates that we’re going to be denying. And while all of this is going on, we’re also doing all of our transcript, test score verifications on the back endâ€"we leverage the infrastructure that we have at UT Austin for this process. It’s kind of a three-prong process, where we’re reading, we’re evaluating applications to interview and we’re verifying all the application data, while the applicant is anxiously awaiting their final decision. So that time period from submission to decision that tends to go really slow in the applicant’s eyes goes by very fast when you’re on the admissions side. mbaMission: And what’s the interview like at McCombs? How can or should a candidate prep for a McCombs interview? RM: We offer applicants the option to interview on campus, via Skype or with an alumnus. On-campus interviews are usually done with our second-year students, sometimes with admissions officers. There is the opportunity for our international students to take advantage of Skype, and those Skype interviews again are usually done by our second-year students that we select and train. All applicants also have an opportunity to interview where they’re at, with one of our alumni. A lot of times, the alumni that are interviewing for us in different cities were second-year students that we trained to do our on-campus interviews. These alumni spent about a year with us interviewing here on campus, which means we have the ability to read their interview critiques and coach them through feedback before we enlist them as alumni interviewers. How can the applicants really prepare for the interview? Treat the interview professionally, no matter if it is done by a student, an admissions officer or an alumnus of the program. I think it’s really important to prepare questions for the end, because after all, the interview is a two-way street. We’re getting to know the applicant a little bit better, but we also expect that this is an opportunity for the applicant to get to know us as well. So, I would advise them to prepare some good questions that can’t usually be found on the Web site. One of the things that’s really big for McCombs is to show your excitement for the program, we usually call this factor “McCombs Love.” So you can show us this McCombs Loveâ€"think school researchâ€"through the application and in the interview. mbaMission: Besides a lack of love, then, is there anything else you would say is a kind of “red flag” in the applications you see? RM: Whenever I’m at admissions panels, I always advise applicants to take a close look at the letter of recommendation process and make sure that they’re selecting the right people to be their recommenders, making sure that their recommenders are able to really talk about why they want an MBA and what their differentiators are. Probably the biggest flag that we see is whenever we open those letters of recommendation, and they’re either very skimpy or negative. Letters of recommendation are outside of the applicant’s control from a writing perspective, but the applicants do have a say in who they select and what they’re able to share about their candidacy with those folks that write them. mbaMission: Can we talk a bit about the different rounds? Is applying to McCombs in the third round a mistake? What would you advise someone considering submitting in Round 3? RM: I always tell people to apply when their application is the most ready, and I feel like at this time of the year, there’s still time for an applicant to work on his or her application and submit by our second-round deadline. What happens in Round 3, even though we take a fair amount of individuals in that third round, is that we often have good applicants that we’re not able to make admission offers to right away, given space constraints. In cases like this, we may have to waitlist really good applicants, because the class is full, and we have to wait for some individual to change their mind to actually make space for that other good applicant. If someone applies to McCombs in Round 3, there’s of course a chance for them to be admittedâ€"otherwise we wouldn’t have a Round 3â€"but they’re probably going to have to be a little bit more patient with us from a decision timing perspective. mbaMission: You mentioned before that showing the love is important. So, is visiting campus part of that? Are you skeptical of applicants who don’t visit campus, assuming that they don’t live too far abroad? RM: With technology nowadays, there are a lot of options to interact with us that don’t entail a campus visit. With that being said, I think from an applicant’s perspective, you’d be doing yourself a disservice if somewhere in the admissions process you didn’t come to the campus if you’re able to do so. We don’t ding individuals who apply without visiting campus, but we do see a strong correlation to that McCombs Love on the essays and in the interviews when folks have visited campus and were able to see our culture firsthand. I do highly advise all candidates to visit campus, be it before you apply or maybe when you interview, or even for an admitted student event. Just make sure that before you make that final decision, you come and visit campus, if at all possible. This is more difficult for our international candidates, but if you’re a domestic candidate, there is no reason, if you’re going to be investing all this money in a MBA program, to not come visit campus at some point during the admissions process. mbaMission: Right. Is there anything else we haven’t covered that you think is important for people to know about McCombs? RM: Something that I always emphasize through my admissions team is that yes, we are here to evaluate applicants. Yes, we are the gatekeepers to UT Austin and the McCombs MBA program. But at the end of the day, we’re really here to help guide applicants through the application and admissions process, making sure that the applicants have an opportunity to put their best foot forward while ensuring we are evaluating them in a fair manner. So if there is one parting thought that I have, it is for applicants to really not be afraid to reach out to us with questions and ways that can strengthen their application. It is our mission as the admissions team here at McCombs to help guide the applicants through the process and help them put their best foot forward at the end of the day. mbaMission: Thank you so much for all of us. This has been super helpful, and you’ve been really generous with your time. I really appreciate this. RM: No problem. If at any point in time, you have questions or need anything, feel free to reach out to me. We’re laid back here at McCombs, and if we can ever be of assistance from this front, definitely let me know. mbaMission: Great. Thanks so much, and same thing here. If we can offer you anything, let me know as well. RM: Awesome. Will do. Share ThisTweet Admissions Officer Interviews University of Texas at Austin (McCombs)

Want Time Off Ask the Patron for un Jour de Congé

The French words jour and journà ©e both mean day and both are used in many idiomatic expressions. The difference between the two is that un jour is a straightforward expression of time, while une journà ©e  indicates a duration of time, usually stressing the length of time, as in the whole day long. This is a general principle that applies as well to other confusing pairs of words, such as an and annà ©e,  matin and matinà ©e,  and soir and soirà ©e. From our list of jour  and  journà ©e expressions below, learn how to say day off, nowadays, update, and more.   Common French Expressions With Jour and Journà ©e le jour daction de grà ¢cesThanksgivingun jour darrà ªtdetentionun jour de congà ©day offun jour de deuilday of mourningun jour de fà ªteholidayle jour de lAnNew Years Dayun jour de reposday offun jour de sortieday off; day outle jour des RoisEpiphanyle jour du Grand Pardonthe Day of Atonementle jour du SeigneurSunday; the Sabbathun jour fà ©rià ©public or bank holidayle jour JD-Day; the big dayun jour mobilediscretionary or personal dayun jour ouvrableweekdayun jour ouvrà ©weekdayun jour de travailweekdayavoir le jour dans les yeuxto have the light in ones eyesde nos joursnowadaysde tous les jourseveryday; ordinarydu jour au lendemainovernightdonner le jour à  to bring into the worldà ªtre à   jourto be up to dateà ªtre de jour (military)to be on day dutyIl se fit jour dans mon espritThe light dawned on meIls sont le jour et la nuit.Theyre as different as night and day.le jour entra à   flotsdaylight flooded injour et nuitday and nightle jour tombeits getting darkmettre à   jourto updatemettre au jourto bring into the lightse lever avant le jourto get up before dawnservice de jourday servicevivre au jour le jourTo live from hand to mouthaller en journà ©es chez les autresto work as domestic helpbonne journà ©ehave a nice dayfaire de dures journà ©esto put in a hard days workfaire la journà ©e continueto stay open all day; during lunchIl se fait de bonnes journà ©esHe makes good money.la journà ©e bissextileleap day (February 29 in a leap year, which is generally a year divisible by four)la journà ©e de salairea days wagesjournà ©es dà ©meutedays of rioting

I Feel Made A Big Impact On Me During This Program

One course I feel made a big impact on me during this program was week 5 of PEDG 5372 Assessment Data to Guide Instructional Decisions. This course was taken at the beginning of this journey to complete my Master’s Degree, in the summer before my second year of teaching. I learned more about data analysis from this course than I did during my student teaching and my first year of teaching combined. I feel that teachers are expected to hit the floor running and there is no true training period or period of transition; you just have to know what you know and learn as you go. This course helped me to be more focused and knowledgeable about data and how to use it effectively. For instance, I learned how to dissect data in a way that I am able to drill down into specific TEKs and see where my students are struggling and focus on that TEK again in later lessons. For instance, I currently teach Juniors and Seniors and we struggle using context clues to determine vocabulary word s. For the past three common assessments this year I was able to go to my data meeting with all of the data already broken down showing the three highest performance indicators and the three lowest performance indicators. Because I am only a third year teacher, my administration team was quite impressed with my knowledge. I have actually used the data analysis presentation that I created during week 5, to show my department chair how to break down the data we report more effectively and in a way thatShow MoreRelatedThe Columbine High School Shooting By Rachel Joy Scott1388 Words   |  6 Pagestrying to have an impact on the world. She went out of her way to make other students feel safe and included. Just the simple act of inviting someone to sit at her lunch table or stopping an act of bullying made the day of those around her. Rachel believed that her hands, â€Å"†¦will someday touch millions of people’s hearts,† and in her honor, the Rachel’s Challe nge organization was founded. 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Evolutionary Biology Assignment on Protein Conservation

Explain how comparison of the primary structure of a protein from different organisms can be used to deduce the evolutionary relationships between them (18.44). Protein coding genes, which represent just 1% of the genomic sequence, contain most of the known DNA sequence variants that have been linked to disease (Kumar, Dudley, Filipski, and Liu, 2011). Many of these variants occur in non-coding sequence, but an estimated 6,000 to 10,000 variants alter protein sequence and more than a thousand have been linked to major diseases. In addition to these heritable variants, somatic and germline mutations have been found to be associated with increased cancer susceptibility and the mitochondrial genome contributes thousands of variants of its own. Although the genetic information pouring in from research efforts are able to identify DNA variants that alter protein sequence, taking this information and translating it into a functional explanation for disease susceptibility is quite another matter (Kumar, Dudley, Filipski, and Liu, 2011). Since laboratory studies cannot replicate the natural environment within which these potentially functional variants arise and therefore may produce misleading results, researchers have turned to the growing body of phylogenetic information, which represents a natural laboratory that has been running experiments for millions of years. Highly conserved amino acids tend to be required for protein function, because they are required for anShow MoreRelatedDna, Clues And The Cheetah s Speed And Hurdles1235 Words   |  5 Pagesplaying in the ecosystem. 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On Racist Speech free essay sample

The voice of writers and authors are the key components to their inner thoughts. It is a way of actually portraying what a person is trying to say. However the case is that their words silenced and put in period of exile away from the eyes of the public. Author Charles Lawrence goes on to state that racist speech is wrong simply because of the drastic agony it puts on a victim’s perspective. In the article â€Å"On Racist Speech,† the author, Charles R Lawrence III, effectively establishes creditability, logics and emotional themes to supports his argument which infers that the use of harmful language should not be protected by the First Amendment Law in order to stop racism. Lawrence sheds light upon the very turbulent issue of the First Amendment right to the Freedom of speech in contrast to the inequality caused by its misuse through racially bias speech. The author states that the University officials should endorse some sort policy that will protect the rights of those who are victimized by this â€Å"racial nuisance,† while at the same time not censoring our constitutional right of free speech, â€Å"I am troubled by the way the debates has been framed in response to the recent surge of racist incidents on college and university campuses and in response universities attempts to regulate harassing speech† (51). Continually, Lawrence defines the set of ideals that the First Amendment was based on, particularly; equality. He goes on to show the audience that this very balance is in danger if the speech in question is stated in a deliberately hurtful manner. Lawrence brings up factual evidence from the Brown vs. Board of education that supports his claim that prejudice can also be viewed as a form of racist speech. Lawrence argues just as Brown did, that segregation in schools causes disparity and unfair conditions to the victims of racist speech. Brown deemed the idea of segregation as a symbolic message that affected the hearts and minds of young black students. Lawrence correspondingly deems free speech that allows â€Å"Hate Mongering Speech† as unfair and segregating â€Å"Brown held that segregated schools were inherently unequal because of the message of the message that segregation conveyed-that black children were an untouchable caste, unfit to go school with white children† (52). The author hence, proposes that the racist speech can hurt so much so that it can create an unfair educational environment for those who are victimized by it. The author used this notable example because he is trying to convey an important point to the lawyers, attorneys and the University regarding the on racist speech. Lawrence suggests that speech should be regulated in a way that does not limit it. First, the speech should not invade the general privacy of any student. This meant that speech would not be tolerated in personal spaces such as dorms, restrooms, or any living space â€Å"Minority students should not be required to remain in their rooms in order to avoid racial assaults† (52). Another regulation was the idea that speech that was intentionally hurtful or unruly would not be tolerated. However, any public demonstrations would have to give fair warning so that others may produce a counter-argumentation or avoid it entirely. The author takes a different approach to the problem. He suggests that on an individual basis lawyers could bend the rules to distort the will of their client so that the victim would be amended. This solution on an individual basis would help to cool the flames of racism without opening the floodgates. Lawrence also supports his claims by making visible repetition in the article. This shows how the author constantly makes the audience feel like they should be responsible and they should be able to do something about the racist speech issue in the society. The author Charles Lawrence is able to establish creditability in his article he relates his childhood experiences with human rights â€Å"I have spent the better part of my life as a dissenter† (51). This is to show that he has been an active member of the First Amendment right even as a child. Lawrence also appeals to the audience emotions by stating how hurt the victims are in the society â€Å"Above all I am troubled that we have not listened to the real victims ,that we have shown so little understanding of their injury and we have abandoned those whose race, gender, or sexual preference continues to make them second-class citizens†(52) . Persistently, the author defines the set ideals that the First Amendment was based on particularly equality it seems to him a very sad sarcasm that the first instinct of civil libertarians has been to challenge the exertions the university makes to provide minority students the protection the constitution guarantees them. Lawrence tries to make his argument justifiable by not defining a subjective issue in his argument he sticks to the main purpose of writing the article which is to talk about the â€Å"On racist speech† and he is able to give strategic examples like the First Amendment and the Brown versus Board of Education case. He thereby avoids subjective issues which makes him deviate from the actual facts regarding the on racist speech which is supposed to be conveyed to the audience. Lawrence creatively draws out many ideas that would help with the problem of racist speech by stating that we could regulate racist speech without violating the First Amendment law and he fears that if the government refuses to look into this there would be an upbringing of racial ferocity he also explains that racist speech should be diminished by the society as a unit because racism does not just affect the individual but the society at large . The author Charles Lawrence claims that it is unfair to place the burden of racism on anyone because it forces them to live and work in an environment where at any moment they may be subjected to condescending verbal harassment and assault.

William Shakespeare creates a lot of tension for the audience in Romeo and Juliet during act one scene five Essay Example For Students

William Shakespeare creates a lot of tension for the audience in Romeo and Juliet during act one scene five Essay William Shakespeare creates a lot of tension for the audience in Romeo and Juliet during act one scene five, where we see Romeo and Juliet fall deeply in love. The audience know that they are both from feuding families- the Capulets and Montagues before Romeo and Juliet themselves discover it, which creates tension. Shakespeare also creates tension by showing contrasts in the moods and emotions of the characters, particularly Tybalt and Capulet. He also uses different styles of language, acting and dramatic irony to produce more tension within this scene. The atmosphere at the beginning of the scene is very bright, entertaining and effective. This is because Capulet is welcoming his guests in a humorous and cheerful manner. Welcome gentlemen. Ladies that have their toes unplagued with corns will walk about with you. Ah ha my mistresses, which of you all will now deny to dance? This quote is extracted from the Capulets welcoming speech, clearly in a good mood. This shows the merry mood he intends for the party to have and his humour and jolliness rubs off on the rest of the guests, as the party eventually breaks into song and dance. We can also see from his speech these intentions when he says A hall a hall, give room and foot it girls. This also shows his encouragement and eagerness to get the festivities started. We will write a custom essay on William Shakespeare creates a lot of tension for the audience in Romeo and Juliet during act one scene five specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now When Romeo first speaks of Juliet Oh she doth teach the torches to burn brightà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ it injects a lot of romance into the scene. Firstly Romeo uses a number of metaphors and similes to emphasise his view of Juliets beauty, So shows a snowy dove trooping with crows. This shows that Romeo compares her to being the most beautiful in the room and standing out from the rest of the women, as the dove symbolises Juliet and her beauty amongst the dark crows. It seems she hangs upon the cheek of the nightà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ This quote is Romeo descriptively stating his overwhelming his praising view of her and her radiance, which again effectively shows the romance and passion. This part of the scene is a sonnet, which is very poetic compared to the other sections of this scene, making it a unique style from the rest of the language within the scene. When Tybalt realises a Montague is present at his familys party, he becomes very outraged and rather hotheaded that they had dared to trespass the party. This by voice should be a Montague, fetch me a rapier boy. This quote shows his sheer outrage and hatred towards the Montague family marking the beginning of conflict in order to get revenge for what they have done. So much does he feel angered that he is willing to disrupt the peaceful and merry mood of the party in order to do so. However surprisingly Capulet disagrees with this and a strong conversation develops between the two family members. Why, uncle tis a shameà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Go to go to. This quote shows that Capulet is intolerant of Tybalts intentions to retaliate and the conversation becomes further heated, whilst seeing a different side to Capulet for the first time. You are a saucy boy. Ist so indeed? This quote from Capulet shows an insult thrown at Tybalt being so insolent, noting that at the time of writing these words were considered to be rather strong, even though not seeming much now. In terms of how this part between the two men should be played, the actors should portray these lines by Capulet showing a strong contrast between his jolliness at the start of the scene to his anger at the present time. Both actors should show strong expressions whilst arguing to strongly emphasise the disagreements between the two hotheaded men to the audience. Body language is also important too. Whilst facing the audience, gestures should be used to again exaggerate the situation and the mood of the characters. .ue9a7dec38d8033855e4470be66612ef9 , .ue9a7dec38d8033855e4470be66612ef9 .postImageUrl , .ue9a7dec38d8033855e4470be66612ef9 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ue9a7dec38d8033855e4470be66612ef9 , .ue9a7dec38d8033855e4470be66612ef9:hover , .ue9a7dec38d8033855e4470be66612ef9:visited , .ue9a7dec38d8033855e4470be66612ef9:active { border:0!important; } .ue9a7dec38d8033855e4470be66612ef9 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ue9a7dec38d8033855e4470be66612ef9 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ue9a7dec38d8033855e4470be66612ef9:active , .ue9a7dec38d8033855e4470be66612ef9:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ue9a7dec38d8033855e4470be66612ef9 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ue9a7dec38d8033855e4470be66612ef9 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ue9a7dec38d8033855e4470be66612ef9 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ue9a7dec38d8033855e4470be66612ef9 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ue9a7dec38d8033855e4470be66612ef9:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ue9a7dec38d8033855e4470be66612ef9 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ue9a7dec38d8033855e4470be66612ef9 .ue9a7dec38d8033855e4470be66612ef9-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ue9a7dec38d8033855e4470be66612ef9:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Presentation of Evil EssayParticularly in lines 90/91, Tybalt gives a number of warnings and further implications between the families for the future. Although at the end of the argument with Capulet he agrees to calm, he clearly shows this is only for the short term and he may use this as a reason to seek revenge and conflict with the opposing family. Tybalt is clearly going to be the first to make a move with the fights and revenge as shown in lines 88-91. Patience perforce with wilful choler makes my flesh tremble in their different greeting. I will withdraw, but this intrusion shall, now seeming sweet, convert to bitterest gall. Tension is increased for the audience, as they know who Romeo and Juliet are in terms of family ties, and the tension is also built up in this scene in many other ways. Firstly the tension is increased when Romeo and Juliet begin to talk on a one to one basis. My lips two blushing pilgrims ready to stand to smooth that rough touch with a tender kiss. This quote gives evidence of Romeo being desperate to kiss Juliet- his object of affection, and compares her to being like a shrine to him. The tension builds because instead of an immediate embrace between them both, they talk romantically to each other for a while. This leaves the audience in suspense as to whether they kiss each other or not, and begin a romance. There is also hesitance between Romeo and Juliet questioning each other as to whether to kiss and if they have fallen in love with each other. Have not saints lips, and holy palmers too? Ay pilgrims lips that that they must use in prayer. These quotations give evidence of the couples constant questioning of their possible love for one another. As the conversation intensifies and Romeo and Juliet are about to embrace tension therefore increases because the audience know that if they do, they shall both be eventually heartbroken when they discover their family identities, which are  known to the audience already. This is an example in this scene of dramatic irony. In the final section of the scene, Romeo and Juliet discover separately who they both are. The tension increases by the fact that Romeo only discovers Juliets identity by knowing who her mother is and catching on then to her Capulet household name. What is her mother? Her mother is lady of the houseà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Is she a Capulet? Oh dear account my life is my foes debt. This conversation between he and the nurse shows how he learns about Juliet and of the realisation that he is getting involved with a member of the opposing family- the Capulets. Note that Romeo asks indirectly about Juliet, which again causes tension because he is afraid that the nurse will discover his romantic intentions and that she as a result would ruin it. His name is Romeo, and a Montagueà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ This is spoken by the nurse to Juliet informing her of her worst fears like Romeo of their backgrounds. From these quotes therefore tension occurs when both realise from the nurse individually who they truly are, and the dismay that they both feel when they know that their true love for one another could be destroyed due to their name. My grave is like to be my wedding bed. This quote from Juliet, states that she will either die unmarried or she will die if she cannot marry Romeo under all these circumstances. This is an omen for the future because she ironically dies later on as a result of all her love for Romeo. My life is my foes debt. Romeo quotes this also when discovering about Juliet, means that his life is dependant on his enemy. This is again an omen for the future because he also dies as a result of his household enemy but Juliet in the end. This again is an example of dramatic irony whereby we see them speaking omens for the future, and then because of their romance becoming real. .u74a53b2d6e1073aebfbf761562a8dabe , .u74a53b2d6e1073aebfbf761562a8dabe .postImageUrl , .u74a53b2d6e1073aebfbf761562a8dabe .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u74a53b2d6e1073aebfbf761562a8dabe , .u74a53b2d6e1073aebfbf761562a8dabe:hover , .u74a53b2d6e1073aebfbf761562a8dabe:visited , .u74a53b2d6e1073aebfbf761562a8dabe:active { border:0!important; } .u74a53b2d6e1073aebfbf761562a8dabe .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u74a53b2d6e1073aebfbf761562a8dabe { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u74a53b2d6e1073aebfbf761562a8dabe:active , .u74a53b2d6e1073aebfbf761562a8dabe:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u74a53b2d6e1073aebfbf761562a8dabe .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u74a53b2d6e1073aebfbf761562a8dabe .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u74a53b2d6e1073aebfbf761562a8dabe .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u74a53b2d6e1073aebfbf761562a8dabe .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u74a53b2d6e1073aebfbf761562a8dabe:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u74a53b2d6e1073aebfbf761562a8dabe .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u74a53b2d6e1073aebfbf761562a8dabe .u74a53b2d6e1073aebfbf761562a8dabe-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u74a53b2d6e1073aebfbf761562a8dabe:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Believable dramatic EssayIn conclusion Shakespeare has used many elements in order to create tension for the audience in this scene. He has used dramatic irony along with a build up in dialogue during Romeo and Juliets conversation to create tension for the audience. This proves to be very effective upon analysing it. Also Shakespeare has developed an alternative style and use of language when Romeo describes the beauty and his love for Juliet. He uses a sonnet and poetic, romantic styles along with uses of similes and metaphors to emphasise his love for her. This was effective because it is a turning point when the audience views Romeo falling in love with the enemy, and from the style the tension increases for the audience as the irony again comes into effect. Shakespeare also adds lines into the lines of Romeo and Juliet when they discover their identities that imply hints for future events. These are also constructive  because he mixes present and future occurrences in small hints and statements like the omens. The actors portraying all the characters in this scene would firstly show a contrast in Capulets mood, from his jolly mood at the beginning of the scene to his heated conversation with Tybalt. It is important to use as much vocal facial and bodily expressions as possible in this scene. This is because there are so many feelings, and emotions to portray strongly to the audience. The scenes involving Romeo and Juliet should be acted passionately with lots of vocal expression. This is because the scenes are romantic and very dramatic in order to show to the audience the extent of their love.

Tips for Finding and Producing Trend Stories

Tips for Finding and Producing Trend Stories Trend stories used to be a subsection of journalism reserved for light features, like new fashions or a television show thats attracting an unexpected audience. But not all trends are pop culture-oriented and depending on where youre reporting, trends in your town may vary wildly from a city in another state or country. Theres definitely a different approach to writing a story about teenagers sexting than there would be for a story about a hot new video game. But both of those could be considered trend stories. So how do you find a trend story, and how do you tweak your approach to suit the subject matter? Here are a few tips for finding and reporting on trends. Know Your Reporting Beat The more you cover a beat, whether its a geographic beat (such as covering a local community) or a topical one (like education or transportation), the more easily youll be able to spot trends. A few that might pop up on the education beat: Are there a lot of teachers retiring early? Are more students driving to school than in years past? Sometimes you’ll be able to spot these trends just by being observant and having well-developed sources, such as parents in the school district or teachers. Check Public Records Sometimes a trend won’t be easy to spot, and you may need more than anecdotal information to establish what the story is. There are many sources of public information, such as police reports, and reports from government agencies that may help illustrate a trend that hasn’t been fully established yet.   For instance, on the police beat, you may notice a lot of drug arrests or vehicle thefts in a given neighborhood. Could this indicate a larger crime wave or a problem with drugs flowing into the area? If you’re going to use data from public records in your reporting (and you absolutely should), you’ll have to know how to file a public records request. Also referred to as an FOIA (Freedom Of Information Act) request, this is a formal request of a public agency to make available public information. Sometimes agencies will push back against such requests, but if it’s public information, they have to provide a legal reason for not providing the information, usually within a given time frame. Keep Your Eyes Open for Trends Trend stories don’t just come from a reporting beat or public records. You may notice a trend just in your everyday activities, whether it’s at the diner where you get your coffee, the barbershop or hair salon, or even the library. College campuses are a great place to observe trends, especially in clothing and music. It’s good to keep an eye on social media, although any trends you notice there probably will be noticed by hundreds of other people as well. The object is to track down whatever it is thats generating a buzz at the moment before it becomes old news. Know Your Readership or Audience As with any journalism, it’s important to know your audience. If you’re writing for a newspaper in a suburb and your readership is mostly older people and families with children, what are they not going to be aware of and what do they need to know about? It’s up to you to figure out which trends are going to be of interest to your readers and which ones they may already be aware of. Make Sure Your Trend Is Really a Trend Journalists are sometimes derided for writing stories about trends that arent really trends. So make sure whatever youre writing about is real and not the figment of someones imagination or something only a handful of people are doing. Don’t just jump on a story; do the reporting to verify that what you’re writing about really has some validity.

Middle East and International Relations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Middle East and International Relations - Essay Example United Arab Emirates and Kuwait have shown their interests for the same, but Saudi Arabia sees this as disadvantageous to the regional cooperation in the region. Political  Concerns  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ With the mounting pressure of the international community to switch to democratic forms of government, there might by a ray of hope but the chances are still very few due to major groups and regimes still against democratization. Further, the weak, illiterate and unprotected citizens’ low demand for democracy and insufficient international pressure may not be sufficient for regime changes in the Middle East. Regional Clashes and Terrorism  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ the Arab – Israeli conflict is supposed to carry itself in the times to come and become a serious threat to the security of the region.  Also, since a major part global terrorism is being funded by the Middle East regimes, Terrorism will continue in more fragmented manner than before. Influence of China and India on the region –  China and India have emerged as the major power countries both as investors and consumers of the Middle East and this will tend to play an effective role in shaping the political as well as the economic reform of the region.  Ã‚  Moreover, in the wake of any changes in the regime structure, the Middle East refers to China and Russia as salient models than the US or any other democracy. Restoration of the  Shia  Community  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ the main impact of the US invasion on Iraq was the revival of the  Shia  community.  Shia  community is seen as a liberal party with an emotional  Ã‚  value and symbolism. Gaining power and acceptance once again into the society and political front in Iraq may lead to cross border harmonization of Iraq with other countries. A number of renowned  Shia  figures have spent time in Iraq and Iran and are now wiling to come back to Iraq, which may lead to significant political and social changes in the

Partnership Accounting Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Partnership Accounting - Assignment Example The company was founded in the year 1994. The company has a global presence and caters to almost all the countries of the world. The company has employee strength of 109 thousand employees as in 2013. Since it is an e-retail company there is requirement for technical as well as staff for supply chain. The company has to depend on the competitive intelligence in form of the consumer data so that the company is being able to understand the needs of the consumers through their browsing history and can stock up their inventory levels as and when required. Thus it is important for the company to have a combination of a good retail supply chain workforce and as technical people who would be available with the company to support the technical aspects of the operations. However the turnover for Amazon is very high. Most of the employees do not stay in the organisation for more than one year. This report is an attempt to find out the reasons for such high rate of turnover. The basis for the s tudy is mainly primary as well as secondary research. The section of the literature review explores the studies that have been made by the authors about this issue of turnover in the business environment. Literature Review The topic of employee turnover has been studies and researched by a huge number of scholars over a very long period of time. In the Human resources framework, the rate of turnover of the employees is the rate at which an employer acquires his employees and loses the employees. The high rate of turnover is an indication of the fact that the employees in an organisation would work in the organisation for a shorter span of time. This is generally a rate that is determined after comparing in the other industries playing in the same market. The turnover metric is determined by dividing the total number of parting workers who have left within a year by the number of employees who were engaged in the company for that particular year (Cascio and Boudreau, 2011, p. 80). Th e same metric has been used by Price in his modelling of turnover (Price, 1977, pp. 10-25). For a particular labour market there are about the same number of employees that rotate around in the different markets. Most of the management practitioners have argued that there are several reasons that contribute to the turnover rate of the companies (Kevin, Joan and Adrian, 2004, pp. 161-166). The event of turnover is time consuming and the management of a company cannot officially stop an employee from leaving the organisation. In most cases the employees are lured away by other organisations operating in the same industry by offering a higher salary. However, it has been found out through intensive research that the employees cite this reason only to disguise some other major reason for which they leave the organisation. Review Findings There are several other reasons for which an employee decides to leave an organisation. Job related stress is one of the causes which contribute to the high rate of turnover among the employees. The level of satisfaction in a particular job is also another major reason for the high rate of turnover. Most of the employees remain dissatisfied with the work that they perform and they feel that it does not meet their self actualisation needs fully. Research has also shown that the level of compensation that the employees get from their present employer is not satisfactory or the perquisites are not up to the industry standards. This forces the employees to shift to a new organisation. On the other hand, in case of mostly the manufacturing organisations or the companies that involves jobs

Air Lift Fermenter

Air Lift Fermenter Summary : Fermentation is a process involve microbial cells to breakdown or catabolise the organic compounds into smaller molecules. Fermentation is performed under aerobic or anaerobic conditions. The end products of fermentation are our daily products such as alcohol, vitamins, enzymes rennets, antibiotics such as penicillin and lactic acid. In the fermentation process, it is very crucial to maintain optimum mixing and aeration in the reaction. Optimum mixing is to ensure best amount of products conversion as well as to avoid wastage of biomass and substrate. Whereas, aeration is the oxygen transfer rate, also the rate-limiting step in the aerobic bioprocess which is very crucial in design, operation and scale-up of bioreactors. Mixing and aeration in the fermenter is carried out by air-lift or mechanical agitators. Air-lift fermenter uses air injected from the bottom of its draft-tube, while mechanical type uses motor driven shaft agitator. Both of the air-lift and mechanical agitator are d iffer in mixing, aeration, biological efficiency, energy consumption, operation and construction, application and cost. Different types of fermentation biomass and substrates characteristic is the factor to determine types of air-lift or mechanical agitators to be used. Introduction : Advances of biotechnology today has been making use of microbiology in different perceptions of the natural processes to produce our daily products such as cheese, antibiotics, alcohols, biofuel, hormones, microbial enzymes such as rennets and vitamins. The process employed to produce these products is known as fermentation, in which catabolism of organic compound take place. The breakdown of the organic compounds is performed by microorganisms under aerobic and anaerobic conditions to yield end-products that are our daily products as mentioned (Fermentation, Chapter 1 2009). In the process of fermentation, the microbial cells obtain energy through glycolysis to break down the complex organic compounds to simpler molecules. Usually, the by product of the process is excreted by the cell in the form of acetone, lactic acid and alcohol. In the history of fermentation, in year 1680 Antony van Leeuwenhoek was the first biologist discover the process through fermenting beer under observation with microscope (Fermentation, Chapter 1 2009). Later, in the 19th century, Louise Pasteur discovered and understood the process of fermenting alcohol by using yeast to convert sugar to alcohol and carbon dioxides(Fermentation, Chapter 1 2009). Besides, in 1929 Alexander Fleming discovered the production of antibiotics Penicillin to fight against bacteria infection (Fermentation, Chapter 1 2009). Since then, various antibiotics are produced by fermentation using various bacteria and fungi. There are several factors to be taken into accounts as designing the fermenters such as scale-up issues, fermenter types, impeller types, immobilised systems, peripheral equipment and fermenter measurements. Impeller plays a vital role in mixing during fermentation because it maintains optimum substrate and biomass concentration in the fermenter throughout the whole process. It also keeps the solids suspended, disperse oxygen to keep maximum total bubble surface area and entrap air bubbles to avoid the air escape before all the oxygen is dissolved (Freitas C. et al. 2000). Fundamentally, there are 2 apparatus used for mixing which are the mechanical agitators and the air-lift fermenters. Air-lift fermenters are sometimes known as the bubble column, can be divided into free rise, draft tube, propeller-assisted and pumped liquid jet-assisted. Air-lift fermenter Air-lift fermenter is an efficient contactor for the reactions involved gases, liquids and solids. There are two types of air-lift fermenters which are the internal loop and the external loop. The internal loop has a draft tube in its inner tube, in which the up-flowing gasses liquid and the down-flowing liquid is separated by the draft tube. Draft tubes are used in some processes to promote better mass transfer, mixing and inducing circulatory motion to reduce bubble coalescence. The external loop has two streams flow in two separate pipes connected at top and bottom. In this way, the air-lift fermenters improve the circulation and oxygen transfer and equalize shear forces in the reactor. Both of the internal and external loop air-lift fermenters have been investigated to the hydrodynamic behaviour and other design factors (Fermentation, Chapter 1 2009). The figure below shows the structure of an air-lift bioreactor with an internal loop. Unlike the mechanical agitation system, air-lift fermenters do not have motor, shaft and impeller blades. As such, the mixture inside the fermenters is agitated by injecting air from the bottom of the tube. Sterile atmospheric air is injected into the fermenters if the microorganism is aerobic, while for the anaerobic microorganism is fed with inert gas (Fermentation, Chapter 1 2009). Mixing in air-lift fermenters is very gentle hence it is suitable for batch culture of shear sensitive cells and tissues such as the mammalian and plant cells (European patent application 2009). Likewise, high shearing stress causes damage to cells could be avoided. Batch culture of plant and animal cells can be cost intensive. However, in cases where the demand for the plant or animals culture products is low and batch cycles are long, the high capital cost can exclude the economical production (European patent application 2009). One of the application of air-lift fermenters is the large scale producti on of monoclonal antibodies (Fermentation, Chapter 1 2009). Mechanical Agitators Stirred tank fermenters are most commonly used in fermentation. It is a cylindrical vessel with an agitator driven by motor to stir the mixture contents in the tank. There two types of agitator used which are the top-entry stirrer and the bottom entry stirrer. The top entry stirrer is more commonly used because the operation is easier to manage, more reliable and robust, whereas the bottom entry model is rarely to be used. The bench scale fermenters are usually made of borosilicate glass with a stainless steel lid. In the laboratory, top-entry stirrer is used, which consist of a motor attached to the shaft and together with impellers (Bloch H.P. and Soares C. 2007). The criterias of manufacturing the fermenters are the high grade of stainless steel, a well-polished internal surface to prevent adhesion of contents to the fermenters walls, and contain smooth joints and free of pin holes to avoid de-mixing. The typical volume of the fermenter used in the laboratory is range from 1 to 10 0 litres (Bloch H.P. and Soares C. 2007). The figure below is the basic structure of a stirred tank fermenter. There are several categories of mechanical mixing equipment, the types of mechanical drivers require to accommodate speed, shaft and power; the kinds of impellers used for specific process, the needs to seal the tanks to against high pressure caused by the processes and stabilization of the impellers devices and the steady bearings in the tank (Bloch H.P. and Soares C. 2007). The main purpose of the mechanical agitator is to provide homogenous mixing, provide aeration and removal of waste gaseous such as carbon dioxide produced during the fermentation process. Usually, the agitator is consisted of motor driven shaft with impellers of 4 to 6 blades. Several types of impellers are more commonly used which are Rushton blade or disc turbine, open turbine impellers and marine impellers. Among the three, Rushton turbine is most commonly used because its design is more simple, easy operation methods and its robustness (Fermentation, Chapter 1 2009). Figure 3 and 4 illustrate the structure of Ruston turbine and marine impeller. However, mixing in the fermenter is poor and energy intensive as scaling up the process. The problem caused will affect the concentration, reaction rate and heat removal. Therefore, baffles will be used in the fermentation process to prevent energy waste in bulk circulation and to introduce liquid slurry turbulence in order to ensure better mixing, better suspension of solids and better retention of air bubbles. The baffles are fixed on the wall of the fermenters. Both of the action of agitators and baffle produce axial and radial flow patterns in the mixing contents and prevent formation of vortex (Fermentation, Chapter 1 2009). This article is not included in your organizations subscription. However, you may be able to access this article under your organizations agreement with Elsevier. Compare and contrast the relative merits of air-lift and mechanical agitator Air-lift and mechanical agitator are widely employed in chemical and bioprocessing reaction as the efficient machine for mass and heat transfer. Both of the fermenters are applied in different types of mixture nature. For instance, air-lift fermenter has gentle agitation and low cost oxygen transfer, hence it is only suitable for less viscous liquid. Whereas, mechanical agitator fermenter perform poorly in highly viscous non-Newtonian media, not aerated at high rate and has relatively poor mixing pattern as compare to the air-lift fermenter. However, the mechanical fermenter has broader range of application as compared to the air-lift fermenter (Abashar M. E. E. 2002). Biological efficiency In terms of biological efficiency, the mechanical type of fermenter is more efficient as compare to the air-lift fermenter. However, due to the simplicity operation of air-lift fermenter, it is useful in the laboratory teaching and research. In a laboratory experiment, air-lift fermenter has successfully produce antibiotics, enzymes, microbial cells and vitamins for microbial analysis (AIR-LIFT LABORATORY FERMENTOR 2009). Operation and construction The operation of the air-lift fermenter is much simple and easier than the mechanical agitator fermenter. This is illustrated by the control of temperature in the air-lift fermenter, in which the temperature is readily controlled in an incubator or by attaching a heating tape externally to adjust to higher temperature. The construction of air-lift fermenter also more simpler as compared to the mechanical agitator fermenter, as such air-lift fermenter is applicable to continuous and semicontinuous fermentation. The effect of various gas mixture on microbial growth can be readily studied by the air-lift fermenter because the propagation of obligate thermophilic bacteria at 55 C has been successful (AIR-LIFT LABORATORY FERMENTOR 2009). Mixing and aeration In comparison of mixing in highly viscous non-Newtonian media, the conventional mechanical agitator performs relatively poorer than the air-lift fermenter. Also, conventional agitator has lower aeration rate due to its impeller flooding. Chisti Y. Jauregui-Haza U.J. (2002) had find out a better solution to overcome the limitation by creating mechanically stirred hybrid airlift bioreactor. This hybrid airlift bioreactor had one or more downward pumping axial flow impeller located at the bottom of the reactor. It able to overcome the limitation of both the mechanical and airlift reactor by providing confined annular zone with better aeration system. It also manages to improve the directional and fluid circulation for the suspending solids and minimize concentration gradients between nutrients and oxygen to the substrate (Chisti Y. Jauregui-Haza U.J. 2002). In the other case, mechanical agitator, the marine propeller is installed at the bottom of the draft-tube, to carry out a fermentation of highly viscous non-Newtonian media with Saccharopolyspora erythraea broth. The results show that the yield of antibiotic erythromycin was increased by 45% compared to the air-lift configuration or conventional mechanical agitator fermenter alone. In another study, highly viscous broth of mircrofungus N. sitophila was fermented in the airlift fermenter with low-shear axial flow impeller. The end result obtained from hybrid reactor shown that it is more effective as compared to the conventional Rushton turbine-stirred fermenter (Chisti Y. Jauregui-Haza U.J. 2002). In short, installation of mechanical agitator such as marine propeller or impeller in the draft-tube of air-lift fermenter can significantly improve the fluid circulation and hence increase viscous aerobic fermentation. Energy consumption Energy consumption of an operation system is the major constitute of the capital cost in one production. Generally, the energy consumption of air-lift fermenter is relatively lower than the mechanical agitator fermenter. In a production of a single cell protein, a low pressure air-lift fermenter was designed to reduce the energy usage. The fermenter broth was kept below 120cm in depth and air is injected to supply the oxygen, also to cool and agitate the broth. In this way, the low pressure air-lift fermenter reduces the energy consumption by producing 1 kWh/kg of protein, which could save 70% of energy as compared to mechanical agitator. Hence, it eliminates the investment of mechanical agitators, air compressors and heat exchangers (Chen N. Y., Kondis E. F., Srinivasan S. 1986). In contrast to mechanical agitator fermenter, air-lift fermenter has higher efficiency in mass transfer at the same power input. This is because air-lift fermenter is not using mechanical agitation, which in turn makes mass transfer perform faster (Chen N. Y., Kondis E. F., Srinivasan S. 1986). The application prove mechanical agitator has lower mass transfer is the performance of Rushton turbine impeller which involve high cells densities to support oxygen transfer rate and also the highly viscous broth cause turbulence and result in the poor mass transfer. However, air-lift fermenter with the draft tube manages to give better mixing and fluid circulation result in better mass transfer efficiency (Boodhoo K. 2006). An example of mechanical agitator, submerged agitating system is used in gas-liquid mixture. The mechanically rotational agitator is used to intensify the turbulent mixture between gas and liquid. In this system, pressurized gas is injected through the spargers to the agitating area, in the form of bigger bubbles which then broken into smaller bubbles by the mechanical agitators mixing power. However, the efficiency of the power consumption is generally greater in the mechanical agitator. Nonetheless, mechanical agitator also increase the residence time of the bubble and caused efficient gas-liquid mass transfer. However, the relative complication of the mechanical agitator has counterbalance the energy efficiency. Mechanical system complications includes driving motors, gear reducers, submerged agitators, long shaft and the expensive gas compression system (Chen N. Y., Kondis E. F., Srinivasan S. 1986). Cost Capital cost is the main factor to be considered in the industrial fermentation process. Fermenter cooling, mass transport between nutrients and microorganism and oxygen transfer are the main factors in affecting the design of the fermenter. The high demand of substrate to the oxygen amount increase the energy cost and caused significant increase in the production cost. Due to the simplicity operation in air-lift fermenter, it is generally lower in cost than the mechanical agitator fermenter (AIR-LIFT LABORATORY FERMENTOR 2009). This is because mechanical system involves extensive pipe lines, diffusers, distribution manifolds, expensive compressor and filtration system. As a result, it caused high power cost and capital costs. Moreover, the frequent plugging of the diffusers make the maintenance for the mechanical system is very troublesome particularly in the reaction involve solids such as aerobic wastewater treatment and industrial fermentation (AIR-LIFT LABORATORY FERMENTOR 2009) . Conclusion Both of the air-lift fermenter and mechanical agitator is used in the fermenter tube to aid in mixing and aeration. Mixing is very important to ensure optimum homogenous mixture of substrate and biomass throughout the entire process. Air-lift fermenter is suitable to plant and mammalian cells fermentation due to its low shear rate, protect cells from damage. The application of air-lift fermentation is the production of monoclonal antibodies. Whereas, mechanical agitator is more vigorous compare to air-lift fermenter, hence it is not suitable for fermentation involve plant and animal cells. The examples of the mechanical agitators are Rushton blade or disc turbine, open turbine impellers and marine impellers. In the above, comparisons was made between both of the air-lift and mechanical agitator in terms of biological efficiency, operation and construction, mixing and aeration, energy consumption and cost. Mechanical agitator has better biological efficiency than the air-lift fermente r, but air-lift fermenter has better mass transfer rate at the same power input. The operation and construction of air-lift fermenter is less complex than mechanical agitator. Likewise, energy consumption is relatively lower in air-lift fermenter. Nonetheless, both of the fermenters agitator types have its pros and cons. Choice of fermenter types is depend on the fermenter substrates and biomass biological nature. References : Abashar M. E. E. (2002) Influence of Hydrodynamic Flow Regimes on the Prediction of Gas Hold-up and Liquid Circulationin Airlift Reactors. Journal of King Saud University 16 (2) : 97-111. AIR-LIFT LABORATORY FERMENTOR (2009) [Online] Available from : http://aem.asm.org/cgi/reprint/4/1/31.pdf [Acccessed 21st Dec 2009] Bloch H.P. and Soares C. (2007) Mixers and Agitators. Process Plant Machinery 2nd edition. Page 617-631. Boodhoo K. (2006) Intensification of gas-liquid mass transfer using porous impellers for application to an E.coli batch fermentation process. Chen N. Y., Kondis E. F., Srinivasan S. (1986) Low-Pressure Airlift Fermenter for Single Cell Protein Production: I. Design and Oxygen Transfer Studies. [Online] Available from : http://people.clarkson.edu/class/ch465/Airlift%20fermenter%201986.pdf [Acccessed 21st Dec 2009] Chisti Y. Jauregui-Haza U.J. (2002) Oxygen transfer and mixing in mechanically agitated airlift bioreactors. Journal of biochemical engineering 10 (2): 143-153. European patent application (2009) [Online] Available from : http://www.freepatentsonline.com/EP0343885.pdf [Acccessed 21st Dec 2009] Fermentation, Chapter 1 (2009) [Online] Available from : http://www.coe.uga.edu/ttie/documents/biotech.pdf [Acccessed 21st Dec 2009] Freitas C., Fialov M., Zahradnik J. Teixeira J. A. (2000) Hydrodynamics of a three-phase external-loop airlift bioreactor. Journal of Chemical Engineering Science 55 (21) 4961-4972.

Creation verses Evolution Essay -- essays research papers fc

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There are many beliefs about how we came to be. There is the religious belief, there is the â€Å"Big Bang† theory, and there is the belief that we evolved from lower life forms. Its hard to say exactly how life came to be and who have the right answer. A person can take one of the two views on the origin of life. Either they believe there is a creator (creationist) or they believe (evolutionist) but with a thorough examination of scientific evidence one must believe that evolution is the basis for our existence.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The idea of creation varies with each of the world’s many religions; not providing creationists with a stable ground to inform on. Creationist’s believe in a supreme creator, who is responsible for the universe and everything natural that it contains. Creationists believe in Genesis to prove that evolutionists’ theories are false. Mostly everyone know the book they refer to The Holy Bible, and in the book of Geneses chapter 2 verse 19 â€Å"and out of the ground the Lord God formed every beast of the field, and every fowl of the air† is what the creationist whole true. Although evolution is seen throughout nature and proven by ancient fossils, they still disagree with the thought. Creationists include a type of evolution as necessary in their studies. This form of evolution is called â€Å"micro-evolution†, or variation within a type of organism occurs. This means that small changes take place like a frog grows web feet to swim b etter. Large-scale change of one type of organism to another is known as â€Å"macro-evolution†; apes changing to humans. Creationists believe this type of evolution is beyond the ability of mutation or natural selection which the evolutionists believe.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Creationists believe that Adam and Eve were the first human beings to walk the planet, and each of us is a descendant of the two. Evolutionist challenge this because Adam and Eve could only be one race but there are several different race of people – in a wide range of colors. There are too many unanswered questions to support the theory of creation but taking the evolutionist point of view can clear things up.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Evolutionists believe in their experiments and sciences to prove the creatio... ...oubts the fact of evolution is adequately clear. We do not need a listing of evidences to demonstrate the fact of evolution no more than we need to demonstrate the existence of mountain rangesâ€Å". (Wysong 23).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Theodosis Dobzhansky a geneticist who was quoted saying â€Å"Evolution as a historical fact was proved beyond a reasonable doubt not later than in the closing decades of the19th century. No one who takes the trouble to become familiar with the pertinent evidence has at present a valid reason that the living world, including man, is a product of evolutionary developmentâ€Å". (Wysong 23) Works Cited Hyperspace. A BBC video. With Sam Niel. Jason Browning, Dr. Gerald Lenner, Mark Rajock. Creation Science. 1997 http://emporium.turnpike.net/C/cs/ Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania. Did man get here by Evolution Or by Creation?. Brooklyn, New York, U.S.A Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania and International Bible student Association. Life how did it get here. Brooklyn, New York, U.S.A. Wysong, R.L. The Creation Evolution Controversy. 1st ed. 1976. The Holy Bible, King James Version.

Improving Schools Essay

There are many improvements that can be made to our school. These improvements will progress the school into a higher grade of learning for students. There are many different facets to our school and small, inexpensive, environmentally friendly changes need to be made. Making changes to the school will help the students achieve higher grades, and therefore have even more university and college acceptance. Improvements such as free internet, a library on campus and free parking will for sure be solutions with a positive aftermath. My first suggestion to improving the school is free internet. Internet can be a positive solution for those students in St. Louis that English is not their first language. They can access translation sites to help them better understand the reading material and course assignments. Diagrams for courses with maps and graphs can be accessed on the internet. This will save paper for teacher, therefore creating a more environmentally friendly place and also will help students see the diagrams first hand in colour. We have decided as a democratic society that education is a right, with this right we must provide the tools to make it accessible, the internet will further progress students learning in variable ways. My second suggestion is that we have a library on campus. Through the library we can borrow books; this is a great solution to those who can’t afford to buy books. Buying books outside of school can be expensive and what can you do with them after you read them, borrowing them for the library is a simple and environmentally friendly solution. The library is a good place also to work on assignments and group projects on the lunch hour, this helps students get the work done and hand it in on time and also provides a work space other than their house. In addition to the above point, since we decided education is a right, it is imperative that a library be added for those who can’t afford a computer, internet etc. A library is a place for those to access the tools to have a better learning experience such as typing out assignments and accessing internet for class. We have decided education is a right but again we must provide to make that right available to all. Lastly, we should have free parking. Free parking has many positive variables. For instance, if we issue free parking for students we could insist that students carpool to reduce parking space demand, this will also lower our ecological footprint and therefore be good for everyone. Students coming from Cambridge, have a hour long bus ride to  get to the Kitchener campus and most of them have to come to the the Kitchener campus because Cambridge doesn’t offer University level courses. Free parking would make that drive less of a hassle that it already is. Also many students as St. Louis have kids and or a job. Free parking would aid in getting to work on time, or getting their child from daycare on time. In conclusion, our school has made a great start. But it is time to make even more effort to make students success more efficient. With solutions like free internet, a library and free parking we will reduce our ecological impact, make student life more enjoyable, and having a higher acceptance to University and College. We have decided that schooling is a right, with that we need to give students what they need to succeed. Our society will better from educated people that can support themselves, rather than people that depend on society. Education is not only for the now, it is forever.